Mukagwiritsa ntchito ma electrode polumikiza arc, makina olumikizira ofunikira ndi osavuta, ndipo mutha kusankha makina olumikizira a AC kapena DC. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira zambiri polumikiza, bola ngati pali zida zosavuta zothandizira. Makina olumikizira awa ndi osavuta kupanga, otsika mtengo, komanso osavuta kusamalira. Chifukwa cha ndalama zochepa zogulira zida, electrode arc welding yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafakitale.
Ukadaulo wothira ma arc a electrode sumangokhala ndi ntchito yodzaza chitsulo mu weldment, komanso sufunikira kuwonjezera mpweya woteteza panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito. Pakutentha kwa arc, mphamvu yamagetsi pakati pa electrode ndi weldment imapanga dziwe losungunuka, pomwe electrode yokha imapanga zinthu zoyaka zomwe zimalumikizana kuti zipange mpweya woteteza womwe umateteza dziwe losungunuka ndi weld. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka ndodo yothira ma arc kamapangidwira kuti kakhale kolimba kwambiri komanso kolimba mu kukana mphepo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti weld ikhale yabwino kwambiri pamalo omwe mphepo imawomba.
Arc ya electrodekuwotchereraIli ndi ubwino wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Ndi yoyenera kulumikiza zinthu zochepa kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono, makamaka ma weld omwe ndi ovuta kuwotcherera ndi makina monga mawonekedwe osazolowereka ndi kutalika kochepa. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowotcherera wa arc, malo owotcherera si ochepa, ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ngakhale m'malo opapatiza kapena m'malo ovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zofunika paukadaulo wowotcherera wa arc wa electrode ndi zosavuta, palibe mpweya wowonjezera womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo luso la wogwiritsa ntchito silili lalikulu kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa electrode arc welding ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, ndipo ndi koyenera kuwotcherera zitsulo ndi ma alloy onse okhazikika. Posankha electrode yoyenera, kuwotcherera kumatha kuchitika pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza chitsulo chotsika cha alloy, chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chochuluka cha alloy ndi zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zopanda ferrous. Kuphatikiza apo, ma electrode angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zogwirira ntchito, monga zitsulo zosiyana, komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera monga kukonza kuwotcherera chitsulo choponyedwa ndi kuwotcherera pamwamba pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo. Electrode yokha ingaperekenso mpweya woteteza kuti isavutike monga okosijeni wa weld. Nthawi yomweyo, chitsulo chodzaza chingathenso kuwonjezera mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa weld. M'malo ovuta monga mphepo yamphamvu, ukadaulo wowotcherera wa electrode arc welding ukhozanso kusunga zotsatira zabwino, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito zowotcherera zimakhala zabwino komanso zogwira mtima.
Njira yowotcherera imatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi makhalidwe a zitsulo, ndipo zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo zimafuna njira zowotcherera zofanana. Kawirikawiri, chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chopanda aloyi, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo chosatentha, chitsulo chosagwira kutentha, mkuwa ndi zinthu zake zosakanikirana zimatha kuwotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachizolowezi zowotcherera. Komabe, pazinthu zina zachitsulo, monga chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri ndi chitsulo cholimba, kutenthetsa kapena kukonza pambuyo pa kutentha kungafunike, kapena njira zowotcherera zosakanizidwa zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Komabe, zitsulo zosungunuka zochepa (monga zinc, lead, tin ndi zinthu zake zosakanikirana) ndi zitsulo zosasunthika (monga titaniyamu, niobium, zirconium, ndi zina zotero) sizingawotcheredwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachizolowezi zowotcherera. Chifukwa chake, musanawotchetse, ndikofunikira kusanthula mosamala ndikuwunika zinthuzo, ndikusankha ukadaulo woyenera wowotcherera ndi njira yake malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
Zinthu zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mapangidwe ovuta komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimafuna ntchito zamanja ndi njira zowotcherera zofewa kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuwotcherera kuli bwino komanso kodalirika. Popeza njira yowotcherera imafuna luso laukadaulo komanso chidziwitso, njira zopangira makina ndi zodzipangira zokha sizoyenera mtundu uwu wa chinthu. Nthawi yomweyo, mtundu uwu wa chinthu nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba kapena gulu laling'ono lopangira, ndipo umafunika kupangidwa mwanjira yolunjika. Chifukwa chake, pa mtundu uwu wa chinthu, njira yoyenera kwambiri yopangira ndi kuwotcherera ndi kupanga gulu laling'ono kuti zitsimikizire kuti kupanga kuli bwino komanso kogwira mtima. Nthawi yomweyo, ukadaulo waukadaulo ndi chidziwitso zimafunikanso pakuyika ndi kukonza kuti zitsimikizire kuti kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso chitetezo cha chinthucho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-25-2023